| To promote the participation of distributed renewable energy and energy storage in multi-type electricity market transactions and im-prove the efficiency of joint market clearing, this paper proposes a day-ahead coordinated clearing method for energy, frequency regula-tion, and reserve markets that incorporates distributed photovoltaic and energy storage aggregators. First, a comprehensive frequency regulation performance indicator is introduced. Considering the out-put characteristics of aggregators, the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is adopted to determine this indicator, quantifying the fre-quency regulation performance of different market entities and ena-bling high-quality regulation resources to be prioritized in market clearing. Second, considering the technical constraints of aggregators and thermal power units, as well as the coupling relationships among markets, a security-constrained unit commitment (SCUC) model is established to minimize the total cost of energy, frequency regulation, and reserve services. Finally, based on the unit commitment status of thermal units and the charging/discharging states of energy storage determined by SCUC, a security-constrained economic dispatch (SCED) model is used to optimize unit outputs and locational mar-ginal prices. Case studies demonstrate that the proposed method can reduce system operating costs, enhance the efficiency of joint mul-ti-market clearing, and improve the coordinated operation between traditional thermal power units and distributed photovoltaic and en-ergy storage resources in multi-type electricity markets. |