Abstract:Based on the responsibility of promoting the construction of a community with a shared future for mankind and the internal requirements of achieving sustainable development, China has put forward the“double carbon goal”strategy, and promoted the energy form revolution through clean energy and electrification to reduce carbon emissions. Firstly, the characteristics of energy structure transformation under the dual carbon goal are analyzed,the problems faced in the process of electric energy alternative development are summarized and combed, electric energy alternative development must break the constraints of technology, economy,mechanism and concept are concluded, and promote change with technological progress is proposed, focusing on five major fields of industry, construction, transportation, agriculture and residents,from material technology, energy conversion technology. The energy supply and storage technology further develops the implementation path of electric energy substitution.

Abstract:From a practical point of view, a cost and subsidy evaluation scheme is proposed for electric energy substitution,which is both concise and acceptable for users and local governments. Based on this scheme, some suggestions for the implementation in electric energy substitution are proposed. Firstly, it is pointed out that the key to promoting electric energy substitution is the willingness of the mass users to practice, which requires a lower use cost after the electric energy substitution. And then in order for users to avoid investment loss, the loss expense of the remain life of old equipment is included in the use cost of new equipment, and there upon the 20 electric energy substitution technologies officially announced are divided into 5 categories according to their characteristics, and the cost and subsidy evaluation scheme of each category is designed respectively. Finally, according to the achieved conclusions, some related suggestions for the implementation of electric energy substitution are proposed, and some examples are taken to demonstrate the scheme afterwards. For electric energy substitution, the scheme can promote the application while the suggestions can ensure a high efficiency of the subsidy, whereby the Conclusions have certain reference value and practical significance.

Abstract:Electric energy substitution is not only the only way to improve environmental quality, but also a necessary means to achieve the goal of carbon neutralization. It is of great significance to promote the energy consumption revolution, implement the national energy strategy and promote the clean development of energy. Starting from the comprehensive benefits of implementing electric energy substitution, the comprehensive benefit evaluation model of electric energy substitution project is established based on the grey correlation method. From the perspective of users, it finds the most suitable implementation way of electric energy substitution in Henan province, which provides theoretical support for the development of electric energy substitution in Henan province.

Abstract:In order to promote electric energy substitution for heating, firstly, the mathematical models and simulation subsystems of heat pump components such as condenser, evaporator, compressor and thermal expansion valve are established. Then, the heating modes of various brands and models of heat pump are simulated. The simulated values of main heat pump performance parameters are compared with the corresponding measured values to verify the accuracy of the simulation. Finally, based on the simulation system of heat pump, the terminal energy consumption, carbon dioxide emission, operation cost and total cost per unit heating area of air source heat pump in typical heating season in Beijing are cal culated, which is compared with the data of regenerative electricheater, scattered coal heating and distributed gas heating. The results show that the errors between the simulated and measured values of heat pump performance parameters are acceptable,source heat pump is the most worth popularizing distributed heat airing technology.

Abstract:Under the carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals, electric vehicles have attracted wide attention due to their advantages of low carbon and low pollution. In recent years, under the guidance of national policy, the development of electric vehicle grows very quickly, but the disorder of large-scale electric vehicle charging will produce adverse effect for grid security and stability,and reasonable scheduling of electric vehicle charging and discharging behavior involved in power grid peak shaving, can not only reduce the impact on power grid, but also produce significant benefits. Firstly, the potential and economy of electric vehicles participating in power grid peak shaving are analyzed. Then, the transaction mode, market transaction strategy, adjustable capacity,charge and discharge control strategy of EV participation in peak shaving assistance service market are analyzed. And focuses on the latest research results, possible research directions are proposed for existing problems in the research combined with new technologies. Finally, problems of large-scale electric vehicles involved in peak shaving are put forward.

Abstract:With the proposal of the double carbon target and the promotion of the distributed photovoltaic policy of the whole county, the balance between development and the environment needs to be paid more and more attention. The study of the ecopark model and greenhouse technology is an effective way to balance development and the environment. Firstly, the typical energy scenarios of smart greenhouses are analyzed, and the main problems faced by greenhouses in the emergence stage are mentioned.Secondly, the influence of photovoltaic policies on the energy supply mode of the whole county is proposed, and the significance of the change of energy supply mode is analyzed. Thirdly, in view of the problem of local consumption of renewable energy, the energy supply mode of“production-use-storage”integrating the main energy- using equipment of the greenhouse is proposed, and the platform framework and basic functions based on the control of the Internet of Things are designed. Finally, by using the photovoltaic consumption evaluation function, the photovoltaic consumption level under different energy supply mode scenarios is evaluated and compared, and the effect of the light-storage and supply mode on the photovoltaic consumption rate is verified, and the economic benefits can be brought to the system through the“surplus electricity on the Internet”.

Abstract:The dual-carbon target and energy transformation promote the large-scale access of distributed renewable energy to rural power grids, resulting in a new rural power grid which have two typical characteristics including high proportion of new energy and bidirectional power flow. In the new rural power grid, technical challenges such as bidirectional power flow, reverse power transmission, voltage random fluctuation, inverter harmonics, protection configuration, and safe power consumption are becoming more and more prominent. The development status of China’s rural power grid, and the technical challenges faced by the rural power grid under the dual carbon target are analyzed, and the key measures and technical subjects are put forward to be studied in the construction of the new rural power grid, so as to provide methodological support for the planning and construction of the new rural power grid.

Abstract:The diversity of source nectwork load and storage leads to increasingly complex causes of current grid anomalies. In order to make full use of the valuable flexible resources on the demand side, a demand- side cooperative scheduling optimization method based on abnormal abductive reasoning is proposed. Firstly, a method of abductive reasoning based on Bayesian network is proposed. Secondly, based on the limit scenario method to deal with fan and load fluctuations, the day-ahead distributed dispatching model of power grid considering flexible load is constructed. Finally, four scenarios are set for comparative analysis. The numerical results show that the proposed method can effectively alleviate the abnormal trend of regional tidal current index.

Abstract:As large-scale wind power, photovoltaic and other new energy sources are connected to the power grid, new energy with high permeability gradually affects the safe and stable operation of the power system. Meanwhile, the static voltage problem becomes more prominent after the new energy is connected to the power grid due to the constraints of the grid characteristics of new energy sources and the security limitations of new energy equipment. The static voltage stability characteristics of high permeability new energy power grid system with static synchronous series compensator（SSSC）are discussed, and the power flow control efficiency of SSSC from the aspect of system static voltage characteristics is evaluated. Firstly, the equivalent circuit and working principle of SSSC are analyzed, and the power flow calculation equation is obtained based on the equivalent power injection model of SSSC.Secondly, based on the power flow calculation equation, a performance evaluation index is proposed to reflect the static voltage stability characteristics of the system, and the influence of different capacity of new energy on the static voltage stability characteristics, and the influence of SSSC on the static voltage stability characteristics of weak nodes after the integration of new energy into the power grid is calculated and analyzed. Finally, through simulation, it can be verified that the installation of SSSC can improve the voltage stability of weak nodes in the new energy grid and improve the safety and stability of the power system during operation. The method presented is quick and simple, and has certain engineering application value.

Abstract:In order to solve the adverse effects on the power system when large-scale electric vehicle charging piles are integrated into the power grid, the virtual synchronous generator technology （VSG）is applied to the charging field of electric vehicles. The adjustable inertia and damping are used to enhance the performance of the vehicle-network interconnection system stability. The analysis of the stability of VSG in the charging field based on the method of sequence impedance modeling is the focus. The modeling and control analysis of the virtual synchronous genertater are carried out, and its frequency coupling benefits and coupling characteristics are obtained. The relationship between the control parameters and the stability is analyzed through the derived impedance model. Finally, the simulation waveforms of Matlab/Simulink also verify the analysis results.

Abstract:Under the background of“double carbon”, in order to optimize the structure of energy, improve the consumption of renewable energy and promote the carbon emission reduction of the integrated energy system（IES）, a low- carbon economic dispatch mode based on carbon capture and electro- hydrogen- gas two-way conversion is proposed. Firstly, the two-stage process of power to gas coupled with hydrogen storage, hydrogen fuel cell and carbon capture is analyzed. The energy flow model of the IES with clean energy as the main energy supply and the electricity, heat, cold and gas load as the end is constructed. Then, the carbon cost of each equipment is analyzed for its participation in the carbon trading market. Finally, a mathematical model of low-carbon economic operation with the minimum operation and maintenance cost, energy purchase costs, environmental costs and hydrogen sales benefits is constructed. Considering the equipment constraints and the energy balance constraints of the system, the different typical operating modes are analyzed and compared, and the consumption character istics, environmental protection and economy of the proposed scheduling model are verified.

Abstract:With the proposal of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality, the adjustable load plays an important role in the power balance of new power system. Firstly, the current load characteristics and the future development trend are studied, and the development trend and problems of the balance of gird under the background of new power system are analyzed. Based on the analysis of the adjustable load potential of typical users, the calculation method of adjustable load considering the balance of electricity is proposed, and the influence relationship between the maximum adjustable capacity, adjustable time and the balance of electricity is quantified through a numerical example. Finally, the development direction of adjustable load under the background of new power system is prospected.

Abstract:With the widespread application of 5G network,energy management and optimization of the base station is one of the actions taken to ensure the stability of the power grid operation,promote the efficient utilization of renewable energy and optimize the power consumption behavior of the users. The participation of 5G macro base station energy-consuming equipment in demand response can provide adjustable resources for the power system while reducing the electricity cost of the base station. A load calculation method of 5G macro base station participating in demand response is proposed, and its potential to participate in demand response is analyzed. The correction between base station radio utilization and energy consumption, models the base station communication equipment and air conditioning system is analysed. Secondly, the operation mode in which the communication equipment contributes to the participation in demand response of the air conditioning load by way of channel shutdown is considered. Using a typical daily load participation in demand response as an example, the potential of air conditioning loads in a 5G macro base station participating in demand response under this operation mode is analyzed. Simulation results show that implementing intelligent channel shutdown on the base station communication equipment can increase the potential of air conditioning load to participate in demand response.

Abstract:Nonintrusive load monitoring（NILM）is an important application area of big data and artificial intelligence, which can significantly improve the intelligence level and energy-saving effect of the power grid. For a long time in NILM, the advantage when using steady-state characteristics for load decomposition is that it can identify loads with similar power, but it cannot handle multi-state loads. To this end, a sliding time window is used as an event detection algorithm, and a NILM model based on dynamic time warping（DTW）with multi-state features is proposed. Firstly,the model extracts the characteristics of the multi-state load, and establishes a steady-state waveform template library of the multistate characteristics. Then, it uses the sliding time window algorithm to extract the steady- state waveform characteristics of the load to be decomposed, and applies the DTW algorithm to the steady-state waveforms. The load characteristics in the state waveform template library calculate the minimum distance for identification. The proposed load decomposition model can significantly improve the decomposition ability of multi-state loads under steadystate characteristics. Lastly, the test based on the REDD dataset verifies the effectiveness of the method.

Abstract:The increasing cooling load of air conditioning has become the main factor for the increasing peak load of power grid in summer. In order to guide the air conditioning load with huge resources and flexible regulation to participate in the demand response, realize“source load interaction”and ensure the safe and economic operation of power grid, the simulation and practical research on demand response realtime control of building air conditioning is carried out. By establishing the equivalent thermal parameter model of air conditioned room, analyzing the steadystate and dynamic process of air conditioning regulation, considering the indoor and outdoor temperature information and load reduction requirements, the realtime temperature direct control and gradient control simulation of single air conditioning and collective air conditioning are carried out, and the temperature direct control practice is carried out in an office building in Wuhan. The results show that the indoor temperature rises only 1.2 ℃, and the demand response control of air conditioning effectively reduces the load in peak period, which has high regulation value. In addition, the temperature gradient control can achieve a more stable and longterm load cutting effect, inhibit the load rebound phenomenon, and be closer to the requirements of demand response regulation.

Abstract:Driven by the“double carbon”goal, energy storage has the potential to become an important carrier for new energy consumption, energy conservation and emission reduction. Firstly,through the centralized management and collaborative optimization of multi-user and multi-type energy storage resources in the park, a GES resource network operation platform architecture composed of conventional energy storage and virtual energy storage such as electric vehicles and flexible loads is built. Secondly, based on the concept of sharing, a GES sharing and collaborative scheduling model on the user side of the park is established from the perspectives of economy and carbon emission, which is solved by A- PSO algorithm. Finally, taking a park as an example, it is verified that the proposed sharing mode and response strategy can effectively improve the utilization of GES resources and realize the economy and low-carbon of energy consumption of park users.

Abstract:Along with the comprehensive transformation of China’s economy and the steady progress of the electricity system reform, the market mechanism will play an increasingly important role in the optimal allocation of resources. How to further stimulate market vitality and continue to promote the process of electricity market is a challenge for the power trading center. The operation of the market in recent years by constructing a market index is analysed. Firstly, the current situation of electricity market development in the domestic spot pilot and the main changes in the electricity trading rules in Beijing are summarized, and the impact of the re-form of the trading rules from the policy level is analysed. Then, the compilation methods and applications of market composite indices is analyed and three indices applicable to the evaluation of the electricity market trading are proposed in Beijing. Finally, the market transaction index is used to analyse the case, to verify the rationality of the index on the one hand, and to argue for the promotion of the reform of the electricity market on the other.

Abstract:Presently mining the rich hidden information contained in power big data is one of the important research directions. Aiming at the management problems such as leakage, out-ofcontrol, and out-of-control of key populations in urban governance,it is an important research direction to apply the concept of power big data fusion-driven and mining the rich hidden information contained in power big data.Firstly, the analysis and application framework based on multidimensional power big data is constructed according to the needs of municipal governance；Secondly, an anomaly analysis model based on“electricity behavior-in door behavior”is innovatively proposed, and form a dynamically weighted cosine similarity analysis model through the entropy weight method to dynamically distribute the power feature vector, so as to form a judgment threshold based on the similarity law of historical samples to realize the situation awareness and abnormal judgment of in-door electricity behavior of key populations. Thirdly, the engineering application architecture of“platform flow- technology flow- business flow”is designed for multi-source systems and multi-service application subjects. Finally, it introduces the application effect of the public security digital city project in Jiangbei, Nanjing, and verifies the important role of power big data deep mining in promoting the strengthening of the police through science and technology.