Abstract:Prioritizing energy conservation and controlling total energy consumption by improving comprehensive energy efficiency are the basic principles of energy revolution, and also the im portant prerequisites for promoting energy structure optimization and upgrading, leading green and lowcarbon transformation, strengthening energy security and achieving high-quality energy development. Firstly, the progress of energy intensity and consumption “double control”is analyzed, as well as the coming situation and challenges. Secondly, the new missions of energy conservation and comprehensive energy efficiency improvement in the new era are put forward, including 3 aspects of promoting energy transformation, building ecological civilization and expanding new momentum of green development. Finally, the ideas and approaches of energy conservation and improving comprehensive energy efficiency in the “14th Five-Year Plan”period are discussed from the aspects of systematic optimization, multidimensional collaboration and synthetical integration. It can be concluded that, in the“14th Five-Year Plan”period, the efficiency of energy system must be greatly improved, and the control and management for total energy consumption should be implied, especially fossil energy consumption. The strategic position of energy conservation and comprehensive energy efficiency also should get enhanced, and the energy conservation should fully play the role as“the first energy”.

Abstract:In recent years, the level of energy efficiency in our country has been rising continuously, the energy and electricity consumption per unit of GDP have shown a downward trend. However, the two are not of the same frequency. The energy consumption has shown a continuous downward trend, while the electricity consumption has shown a downward trend of fluctuation, and the energy efficiency level of each province varies greatly. Firstly, the important policies and regulations of promoting energy efficiency in our country are sorted, the development of energy consumption and power consumption per unit of GDP in China and its provinces is analyzed , and the influencing factors of energy and power consumption per unit of GDP trend from different dimensions are analyzed. Then, the trend of several main factors affecting energy efficiency is analyzed, and the energy efficiency during the 14th five-year plan period is forecasted. The energy and power consumption per unit of GDP is expected to show a decline. Finally, some suggestions are put forward to increase the energy efficiency, such as promoting the electric-centered integrated energy system.

Abstract:The role of demand response in optimizing load distribution and reducing system economic costs is gradually being emphasized. In order to meet users’comprehensive energy demand such as cooling, heating and power, many industrial parks need to purchase a large amount of electricity from the main network at peak time which not only increases the park itself operating costs also increases the scheduling pressure during the peak hours of the main network. In response to the problems, under the scenario of a industrial park micro-energy network system, with the goal of the lowest total operating cost of the system, a comprehensive energy coordinated dispatch strategy for the industrial park will be formed, considering the joint response under the coupling of heat and elec tricity. This model selects a typical daily electricity consumption scenario in a smart park to optimize, and adjusts the user’s load curve for different forms of energy through the combined response of heat and power to achieve optimal energy allocation. The calculation example shows that the proposed method can reduce the main network power purchase during peak hours and increase the local generating units in the park meeting the needs of users for cooling, heating and electricity, which has good economic benefits.

Abstract:With the rapid development of integrated energy system in China, the evaluation of energy saving effect of integrated energy system after actual operation is becoming more and more important. The energy saving effect and optimal operation of the integrated park type energy system are analyzed. The park integrated energy system includes photovoltaic power generation system, ground source heat pump system, solar air conditioning system, regenerative electric boiler system and solar hot water system and so on. The energy saving benefit calculation model of each subsystem is established, and according to the operation history data of each subsystem, the calculation results of each subsystem are analyzed. The result shows that the main revenue comes from the second and third quarters, during which it should pay attention to the maintenance of photovoltaic modules to ensure the maximum energy saving benefit. The energy saving effect is not significant. It can cooperate with traditional units for cooling in summer. The heating in winter in the park is provided by ground source heat pump system, regenerative electric boiler system and solar energy air conditioning system. Its energy saving benefit is the main source of energy saving income in the park, with remarkable energy saving effect.

Abstract:Based on the actual data and needs of the Changsha Meixi Lake regional energy station project, a series of studies on the selection of project technical routes, scheme design, and equipment selection are carried out, and the evaluation indicators of the composite energy system are discussed. The methods for evaluating system design performance are researched, formulated, and verified by calculation examples. It proves that regional energy projects adopt a combination of annual primary energy utilization rate and annual system comprehensive coefficient performance for evaluation, which can reasonably reflect the system overall performance status.

Abstract:Optimizing the energy storage capacity of a high proportion of new energy system is of great significance for improving new energy consumption and reducing the construction cost of energy storage stations. The capacity and electricity benefit of energy storage stations are studied, such as pumped storage power station, compressed air, and electrochemical energy storage. A cost-benefit analysis model for energy storage stations participating in peak regulation is proposed, and a new method of determining capacity and type of energy storage in a high proportion new energy system is proposed. Taking the actual high proportion of new energy system in northwest China as the research object, the energy storage capacity requirements, the costs and benefits of various energy storages are analyzed, and the research results can be used for China’s high proportion new energy systems to study energy storage capacity requirement, energy storage planning and operation.

Abstract:The management of station line loss is the core issue of consumption side operation and management of power grid company, and it is also the basis of improving quality and efficiency to guarantee power grid profit. Relying on the power information collection terminal, the power grid marketing system collects and maintains a large number of user data. Using the real time collected power grid big data to detect the operation of the power grid and carry out timely maintenance is an effective way to control the line loss. Although there are a lot of data collected by power grid monitoring, it is still insufficient to face the complicated causes of line loss disqualification. Using the known collection data, establishing the causal link between data and fault causes can greatly reduce the work pressure of operation and maintenance personnel. In the process of data acquisition, communication and maintenance, there must be inaccuracy in massive monitoring terminals. Using rough set theory to solve the uncertainty of user side data is proposed,and the characteristic data under different faults are given. The internal relationship between faults and data are analyzed, and the decoupling of fault parameter characteristic data is realized. The classification of fault causes in the station area is given, and the correctness of the proposed classification method is verified.

Abstract:In order to discuss the energy efficiency of overhead lines under the influence of voltage fluctuations and flicker,the short line model is used to qualitatively analyze the various losses of overhead lines in voltage fluctuation and flicker. Within the scope of the national standard, the fluctuation amplitude and the fluctuating frequency step are set, and the simulation is carried out.The simulation results show that the additional loss of the overhead line is positively correlated with the primary of the frequency fluctuation, and negatively correlated with the primary and cubic of the amplitude fluctuation. The ratio is proportional to the square of the amplitude fluctuation and is proportional to the product of the frequency fluctuation and the amplitude fluctuation. Finally, the method of calculating line loss by least squares polynomial fitting technique is given, and the effectiveness is verified by Simulink model.

Abstract:The high volatility of wind power and photo voltaic output makes it difficult for micro-grid to maintain a balance between supply and demand. Based on the consideration of the correlation between electricity price and load response, a day ahead optimal scheduling model is established, which aims at the lowest operation cost, the highest proportion of wind and solar energy consumption and the best customer satisfaction of micro -grid. The model takes the load, the wind speed and the solar radiation of micro-grid as the uncertain parameters, and uses the response compensation as the signal to guide the users to participate in the demand response based on the time-of-use price. The multi-objective gravitation search algorithm based on Pareto dominating method is used to solve the optimization problem, which proves the feasibility and accuracy of the algorithm to solve such problems. The results show that this strategy can effectively improve the impact of high permeability distributed generation connection on the system, and has a good effect of peak cutting and valley filling.

Abstract:Demand response (DR) technologies can cut peaks and fill valleys, improve energy efficiency and power system stability. Direct load control (DLC) makes the demand-side load available by directly controlling the power load. It is an effective method of implementing excitation-based DR by directly controlling the power load, which is relatively easy to implement. Air conditioning has good heat storage or cold storage capacity, and its electricity consumption is an important part of total household energy consumption, which can be transferred power demand to off -peak hours. Therefore, air conditioning can affect the peak-to-valley difference of the total load curve and is an important demand response resource. The thermodynamic model of air conditioning is established. The model of large-scale air conditioning load aggregation based on Monte Carlo method is proposed. The air conditioning load tracking control scheme of DLC is studied. The load reduction potential of air conditioning load participating in DR is discussed. The reference signal for controlling the air conditioner temperature or the open or close state is calculated according to the load peaking demand, and then the adaptive hill climbing (AHC) control method is used to track the implementation of the reference signal. The simulation results show that the DLC that tracks the reference signal to implement the air conditioning load can effectively reduce the load as needed.

Abstract:An optimal allocation method is proposed to solve the capacity allocation problem of energy storage batteries participated in power grid frequency regulation. Considering the various costs of energy storage and the benefits that can be obtained, the capacity retention rate model of energy storage is established. The influence of different depth of discharge on the cycle life of energy storage is analyzed and calculated using numerical analysis method. Based on the area control error signal, the power output sequence of the energy storage is obtained taking the energy storage operation characteristics and grid frequency regulation demand as constraints, so as to optimize the allocation of the power capacity and energy capacity of energy storage. Finally, the actual grid data are used to simulate and verify the technical and economic characteristics of energy storage allocation under different depth of discharge. The optimal depth of discharge for the overall economy is given. The results show that the proposed allocation method can flexibly coordinate the economy and technology of energy storage allocation scheme.

Abstract:In order to promote the energy production revolution, it is imperative to develop photovoltaic power generation. Under the situation of desubsidy, time-of -use policy provides a new revenue point for photovoltaic generation. The current time-of-use policy and the advantages of large industrial users investing photovoltaic generation are analyzed. A life cycle economic model of photovoltaic generation is built. The economic performance of photovoltaic generation invested by large industrial users in typical areas is analyzed with the levelized cost of energy, internal rate of return and payback period as economic evaluation indicators. The results show that photovoltaic generation in all areas can profit, and the time-of-use pricing policy can significantly improve its economy. The lower the electricity price level is, the worse the economy of photovoltaic generation will be. but the abundant radiation resources can compensate for the impact of electricity price level to a certain extent. The time division of time-of-use pricing policy affects the economy of photovoltaic generation. The longer the photovoltaic generating period contains the peak price and the more concentrated it is in the maximum power generating period, the better the economy of photovoltaic generation will be. The annual decline of electricity price will reduce the economic performance of photovoltaic generation, which makes it necessary to fully consider the changing trend of electricity price when making investment decisions.

Abstract:Jiangsu power exchange center Co., Ltd. actively researches and develops the source network load storage interactive trading considering clean energy consumption from the perspective of provincial situation, network situation and market ecology. On the one hand, in view of the future development trend of power grid with the source-grid-load-storage interaction, the main market exchange demand is analyzed, then the source network load storage power market transaction platform architecture is put forward, and the functional module deployment is expounded. On the other hand, the Internet is used to collect large-scale and scattered clean energy, energy storage facilities and demand side resource trading demand. Based on the traditional main power market, a sinking market is proposed that meets the incentive compatibility principle and promotes the active and deep interaction of regional market entities, then three new interactive trading varieties of source grid load and storage are proposed, and an overbooking algorithm of air tickets is proposed. Carry-outs practice in Huai’an (Jinhu) and Suzhou, and organizes formal transaction and settlement.

Abstract:In order to meet the needs of energy transformation and power grid development, diversified and high elastic power grid is being constructed in Zhejiang province. Demand response is the core carrier to realize the source-load interaction, which can alleviate the tight balance between regional power supply and demand, and support the grid elasticity with strong interaction ability. Based on the development needs of Zhejiang high elastic power grid and the practical course of demand response, the working experience of Zhejiang demand response is summarized. The development direction of deepening demand response business in the background of energy Internet is also put forward, in order to provide reference for the research and application of demand response in China.

Abstract:In order to deeply explor the characteristics of power customers and accurately grasp the customers’service needs, refined marketing strategies for power customers are studied and formulated to improve customers’satisfaction. By combing the precision marketing theories, big data mining technology is adopted to analyze the basic behavior characteristics of customers, and a customer attribute index system that meets customer characteristics and marketing strategies is built. With the multi-attribute matching algorithm of tensor decomposition, the marketing strategy matching model of multi-attribute power customers based on tensor decomposition is constructed. An example analysis is carried out with 1 096 commercial customers of a power grid company. The results have important reference value for the power grid companies to carry out refined management work and differentiated services.

Abstract:With the gradual deepening of the reform in Chinese power market, the number of electricity companies and the forms of market transactions will continue to increase. The decision to purchase and sell power will become the core competitiveness of power sales companies, which directly determines the operation of power sales companies’benefit. In order to provide useful reference for the operation decision-making of domestic power retail companies and help related researchers and technicians to understand the research status of power purchase and sales decisions of electricity companies better, the three aspects of the uncertainty parameter predution, power purchase decision-making and pricing strategy of the power retail company are systematically summarized. The current status of research on power purchase and sales strategies of the power retail company is summarized. Finally, future research directions are discussed.

Abstract:Research of pattern recognition on resident power consumption behavior based on massive data plays a crucial role in power grid load prediction and demand response potential development. However, the emergence of large-scale data and multi-dimensional features of residents’electricity consumption has become a difficulty in identifying the heterogeneous pattern of residents' electricity consumption. Firstly, based on the large-scale residential electricity consumption data, the power load characteristic decomposition technology is used to construct the feature project. And then, the multi -dimensional features constructed are fused by factor analysis, and the clustering algorithm is adopted to identify the residential electricity consumption pattern. Finally, taking Jiangxi province residents’electricity consumption data as an example, an empirical analysis is made in both households and community level, and four typical residents’electricity consumption patterns have been obtained, which can provide scientific support for the grid companies to make tailored and differentiated policies and further expand the depth and breadth of services.

Abstract:Several typical DSM project cases in Germany, Britain, Belgium, Italy and other European countries are introduced. The common feature of these projects is that DSM is carried out considering renewable energy, which have achieved good results and created considerable benefits for enterprises. It is of great significance for China to promote DSM and renewable energy accommodation. Based on the promoting progress of DSM in China, several application mechanisms are put forward, including linkage mechanism of interruptible load based on renewable energy, auxiliary service market mechanism, and generation rights trading mechanism of self-owned power plants and renewable energy, demand-side time-of-use pricing mechanism, which will provide reference for further promoting the consumption of renewable energy in China.