Abstract:Increasing the proportion of clean energy, especially renewable energy in power consumption terminals, and achieving a comprehensive complementary configuration of multiple energy types is the future development trend of the energy Internet. The requirements of energy Internet for demand response have changed from the traditional way to multi-energy comprehensive demand response. Firstly, the development of the energy Internet at home and abroad is outlined, as well as the energy Internet promotion projects and policies. Then, the commonly used demand response technologies such as automatic demand response technology, energy storage technology, information and communication technology, power metering technology, intelligent control technology, and load aggregation technology are introduced and analyzed.The focus is on the development of automatic demand response technology, energy storage technology, and information and communication technology in the energy Internet environment.Among them, information physical systems and interface standards are the key to automatic demand response technology, and energy storage technology focuses on reducing costs, and ICT focuses on the application of new technologies such as blockchain and 5G. Finally, the future development direction of each demand response technology and the problems it faces are summarized, and suggestions are made to promote the development of multi-energy demand response technology.

Abstract:An integrated energy system capacity allocation and optimized operation method considering integrated demand response is proposed. Firstly，an integrated energy system is constructed，the operating principle of each unit equipment is introduced，and the principles of controllable loads participating in the demand response of the integrated energy system are analyzed.Then，a two-level collaborative planning model for equipment capacity configuration and operation strategy is established. The upper level capacity allocation model is established with the lowest total planning cost as the objective function，and the lower level optimal operation model is established with the lowest operation cost as the objective function. Differential evolution algorithm and CPLEX linear solver are used to solve the bilevel programming model. Finally，taking the typical intraday integrated energy system load demand，energy price and other data as an example，the practicability and effectiveness of the proposed model are verified through the analysis.

Abstract:The efficient operation of the integrated energy microgrid can not only improve energy utilization, but also promote the industrialization and large scale development of renewable clean energy, and realize the multi-energy complementation and mutual coordination of energy systems. Taking the comprehensive building of the Yangzhong Intelligent Electric Research Center of North China Electric Power University as a practical application example, the structure of the integrated energy microgrid management system and electrical grid connection of the research center are analyzed on the basis of local geographic location, climatic conditions and environmental conditions；a photovoltaic power generation system model and an energy optimal dispatch model is established; and the power consumption pattern and user behavior characteristics of the research center is analyzed based on the integrated energy microgrid system monitoring and management platform to achieve better energy management. The integrated energy microgrid management system can save users’daily power purchase costs, and its power consumption online monitoring and management platform can establish a scientific and standardized energy consumption statistical work system, and promote the intelligent power consumption monitoring and management.

Abstract:To promote the large scale commercial application of battery energy storage system, the energy storage is considered from both planning and operation under two part tariff scenario. An optimized configuration and assessment strategy with whole life cycle considering demand management is proposed. Firstly,the annual revenue model of energy storage participating in demand management arbitrage is constructed, including energy price and basic electricity demand charge. Meanwhile, the power randomness of energy storage is restrained. Secondly, the whole life cycle cost of energy storage is evaluated, and the impact of battery capacity degradation is considered to quantify its loss cost function.Then, integrated with the historical load, time of use electricity price, state of charge, charge discharge power and other constraints of the energy storage system, the minimum objective function is utilized to optimize the output power of energy storage. Finally, the economic feasibility of the model is verified through practical examples, which provides basis for the investment decision and operation guidance of user side energy storage.

Abstract:Aiming at the capacity optimization of grid-connected user side PV and energy storage system（PV - ESS）, K -means clustering algorithm and proper clustering number judgment indexes are used to select typical PV day output scenarios for planning. A mixed integer linear programming（MILP）model is presented to minimize the multi- scenario comprehensive adaptation costs due to energy storage capacity shortage or redundancy and optimize the storage capacity and operation strategy in different PV output scenarios with analyzing the impact of low valley electricity tariff and PV feed-in price. Case study shows the model can optimize the capacity configuration of ESS considering the uncertainty of PV output. The model provides fine-grained costanalysis of user side ESS based on different PV scenarios for better decision supporting.

Abstract:The capacity of renewable energy grid connected is expanding year by year. A high proportion of renewable energy will challenge the operational stability of power system. Firstly, the invoking cost of flexible resource is analyzed. Therefore, the optimized scheduling method for high proportion of renewable energy should be studied. The dynamic optimal scheduling model of renewable electricity accommodation is proposed and solved with the algorithm of dynamic optimal power flow. Finally, the dispatch method proposed is verified by the IEEE 39 bus network. The results show that the accommodation electricity of renewable energy and the safe operation level of power system can be improved through the response of flexible resources.

Abstract:Existing integrated energy system（IES）planning research lacks consideration of investment quota constraints. A single target planning strategy with the lowest total operating cost,lowest carbon emissions, or highest energy efficiency cannot meet the best equipment planning needs under the investment quota.Based on this, a planning model of IES based on investment quota to solve the problem of optimal capacity allocation of equipment under fixed investment is established. Firstly, a typical scenario of IES including cooling, heating and power load is established.Secondly, the annualized equivalent comprehensive cost, carbon emissions, and comprehensive energy efficiency are the objectives, and various constraints are considered such as energy balance, equipment output, fixed investment, energy interaction, and scene environment to establish a planning model. Finally, the Pareto frontier solution set is obtained by NWSFA, and the global optimal configuration scheme is solved through VIKOP, which can meet the load demand and achieve the optimal operation effect under a fixed investment, to achieve triple benefits about economic, environmental and social. In the end, a numerical example is analyzed to verify the effectiveness of the models and methods described in the article.

Abstract:With various energy types such as electricity, gas,heat and cold, the micro energy grid can realize the cascade utilization of energy and effectively promote the consumption of various new energy sources such as wind and solar. Compared with electric vehicles, hydrogen fuel cell vehicles have the advantages of short refueling time and strong endurance, and have been rapidly developed in recent years. An optimization scheduling method of micro energy grid with the penetration of hydrogen refueling station is proposed. Under the premise of meeting the energy demand of electricity, gas, heat and cold in this region, the optimal scheduling strategy for the hydrogen fueling station is formulated, which can effectively promote the development and utilization of hydrogen energy. Case studies compare the independent operation of the micro energy grid and the hydrogen refueling station. The cooperative operation of them verify the superiority and effectiveness of the proposed model and method.

Abstract:Using the utility theory, on the basis of the tiered electricity price grading model optimized by the rank-sum ratio method, the impact of the ladder electricity price on residents’electricity demand and the income of enterprises’electricity sales is analyzed. According to the average annual disposable income of the residents, the residents are divided into four levels, and the change of the residents’electricity demand after the implementation of the tiered electricity price is analyzed through the utility theory, so as to reveal the influence mechanism of the tiered electricity price on the residents’electricity demand. The electricity sales of the electricity supplier are closely related to the electricity demand of residents, and the selling price will affect the electricity demand of residents. Therefore, it is necessary to combine the changing trend of electricity sales with the selling price, so as to determine the electricity demand of residents and the cost change of the electricity supplier. Through the analysis of the residents’electricity demand and the electricity supplier income after the implementation of the ladder electricity price in a city, the following conclusions are drawn：Firstly, the overall electricity demand of the residents is reduced；Secondly, the electricity demand of low-income groups is guaranteed；Thirdly, the electricity supplier income is also increased, giving consideration to both economic benefits and social security.

Abstract:After the opening of the electricity retail market,large power users are faced with the problem of how to find a suitable trading partner from a large number of power producers. As a service oriented enterprise, power grid companies have a good will to providerecommendation service for power consumers. In order to meet this new demand, a power purchase recommendation algorithm based on user collaborative filtering is proposed. In order to eliminate the unreasonable similarity calculation caused by the large difference of attribute elements in the data set, a new method based on Mahalanobis distance is proposed to form a similar user set. Furthermore, the proportion of purchasing power amount that represents the user’s preference for power plant is defined, which is used as the order basis for the recommendation of purchasing trading partners. Case studies based on Shandong electric power market transaction data are carried out. The results show that the algorithm is feasible.

Abstract:Compared with traditional distributed system, the cosupply system has high energy saving rate and less environmental pollution, which is one of the important ways to achieve the goal of energy saving and emission reduction. The primary energy utilization efficiency, energy saving rate, power supply efficiency, power supply coal consumption and cost payback period of the combined cooling and power system are calculated and analyzed through a natural gas combined cooling and power project, and a comparsion with other system is made. It states that the combined cooling and power system has higher primary energy utilization efficiency, and lower coal consumption than power plant, which shows an obviouse the energy saving effect. According to the sensitivity analysis of the payback period, the economic income and investment recovery period are greatly affected by the natural gas price.When the threshold is exceeded, the economy is not as good as that of the distributed system. So the local natural gas price and electricity price should be well considered.

Abstract:Under the opening electricity retail environment,social capital can invest in new distribution networks to establish power sale companies, which has a significant impact on the core competitiveness of power grid companies. Based on the SWOT matrix, the core competitiveness of the power grid is analyzed under the opening electricity retail environment. The advantages, disadvantages, opportunities and challenges of the future development of power grid enterprises are clarified accordingly. On this basis,through the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method of the core competitiveness of power grid companies, the core competitiveness of power grid companies is evaluated. The key factors of the development of power grid enterprises are explored from the perspective of the core competitiveness evaluation so as to provide new ideas for the future development of power grid enterprises.

Abstract:In order to solve the problem of unbalanced electricity supply and demand of urban villages, the historical load data of an urban village in Guangzhou（N village）from 2016 to 2017 are analyzed. According to the relevant indicators of daily, monthly and quarterly（yearly）load characteristics, the change law and characteristics of the load of N village are determined. The load influencing factors of the urban village are classified, and SPSS is used to analyze the factors, conduct principal component analysis and complete linear regression, and the main influencing factors and load forecasting models that affect the load changes are obtained. The interpolation extrapolation method is used to verify the versatility of the model. The prediction of the load can provide the decision-making basis for the power supply department.

Abstract:Based on the electric load, macroeconomic data and meteorological observation data in Huaibei of Anhui from 2012 to 2018, some equations are built by using correlation analysis, multiple regression analysis and curve fitting method. The actual power load is divided into trend load and fluctuating load. The trend load forecast model is established based on economic index after the relationship between trend load and economic data is analyzed. The fitting rate of the model reaches 99.3% . The forecast model of fluctuating load is built based on meteorological factors after the relationship between fluctuating load and meteorological factors are analyzed. The fitting rate of the model reaches 97.8%.The application of these results provides scientific basis for operation and dispatch of Huaibei Power Grid, and it has achieved obvious social and economic benefits.

Abstract:In the context of the construction of the energy internet, it is urgent to carry out a comprehensive analysis of the electricity consumption level and characteristics of enterprises, so as to optimize the energy consumption structure of enterprise users and improve the comprehensive service level of power enterprises. First of all, the comprehensive electricity consumption index is adopted to reflect the electricity consumption situation of enterprises. From the seven dimensions of reliable electricity consumption, economic electricity consumption, green electricity consumption, intelligent electricity consumption, interactive electricity consumption, macroeconomic prosperity and industrial prosperity, a multi-level and multi-dimensional comprehensive index system of comprehensive electricity consumption index is constructed. Secondly, based on the comprehensive electricity consumption index system, the comprehensive evaluation model of users’electricity consumption is built to accurately evaluate the electricity consumption level and efficiency of users, and realize the hierarchical, refined and multi-dimensional portrait of the electricity consumption of enterprise users. Based on the multi-dimensional portrait results, the electricity consumption of enterprise users is analyzed. Finally, four enterprises are selected for example analysis, and corresponding suggestions for electricity consumption optimization are put forward. This research method can effectively guide enterprises to use electricity scientifically and provide support for integrated energy service business of power enterprises.

Abstract:The same-stage bidding of regional market entities can promote the optimal allocation of resources in the southern region and promote the construction and development of a unified market in the southern region. Interregional and interprovincial transmission prices are important parts of the price mechanism for the same-stage bidding and trading. How to set the prices is related to the interest distribution of the various market entities in the region. In view of the problems existing in the current transmission price mechanism, referring to the foreign transmission price mechanism of cross-regional transaction, a transmission price mechanism suitable for the same-stage transaction is proposed, and the transmission pricing method is clarified. The feasibility of the design mechanism in the same-stage bidding and trading is verified through comparative analysis.

Abstract:The information technology revolution and the energy revolution have placed higher requirements on the transformation of traditional power grid enterprises. The building of platform-based enterprises pointed out the direction for the development of provincial-level power grid companies and the further steps of integrated energy services. The platform - based transformation of grid companies requires the support of the real platforms as well as the shift of company’s operating mode to platforming. Based on the platforming exploration and practice of Internet companies such as Alibaba E-commerce platform and GE Predix platform, the typical architecture and development blueprint of platform construction under the background of the Internet are summarized, a development model of integrated energy service platform which is suitable for the development of provincial grid companies is explored. And the transformation of provincial power grid companies to platform-based enterprises is pushed, and ultimately strong support for the construction of a shared energy ecosystem is provided.

Abstract:With the continuous implementation of the new round of electric reform, the competition in the electricity retail market is getting firecer and firecer, which brings challenge to the opration of electricity sale company. Learning from the development experience of the tariffs in the mature foreign electricity sale company is helpful for the development of the retail price package products of domestic power retailing companies. The development history of the British electricity retail market is reviewed, the business model of the British power retailing companies and the tariffs are summarized. At the same time, from the user’s point of view,the selection process of retail pricing package is analyzed and different packages products are compared. On this basis, the development enlightenment of electricity sale company is proposed.