Enhancing the flexibility of the power system to ensure stable electricity supply is a crucial concern amid the development of renewable energy. Coal-fired power plants, renewable energy sources, electrochemical energy storage, and electrolysis-based hydrogen production systems are considered. Using mixed-integer linear programming, the research investigates the optimal deployment of electrochemical energy storage and electrolysis-based hydrogen production systems as flexibility resources. The goal is to promote renewable energy development and improve system economics. The impact of carbon trading prices and variations in wind and solar resources on the allocation of flexibility resources in microgrid systems are analyzed. Results demonstrate that leveraging flexibility resource synergy can reduce microgrid system costs by approximately 22.17%. Increasing carbon trading prices stimulates the development of electrolysis-based hydrogen production.