The heat storage capacity of the building can be regarded as a virtual energy storage device, which can participate in demand response to reduce the operating costs and peak load of the system. Accordingly, the optimization model of a combined cooling, heating and power (CCHP) -ground source heat pump(GSHP) coupling system with virtual energy storage (VES) is established and an economic dispatch strategy from the perspective of electrical load and thermal load is proposed. Firstly, a charging and discharging energy model of VES is established, based on the comfortable temperature range of human body and building performance. Secondly, an optimization model for the CCHP-GSHP coupling system is formed to minimize the daily operating costs of the system. The VES affects the operating costs through the connection with thermal load, whose power is restricted by the rate of temperature change. Finally, taking the winter scene as an example, the optimal dispatch analysis of two typical buildings is carried out with respect to electrical load and thermal load, and the simulation results are analyzed in terms of economic efficiency. The simulation results validate that the adoption of virtual energy storage can reduce the operating cost.