Under the opening electricity retail environment,social capital can invest in new distribution networks to establish power sale companies, which has a significant impact on the core competitiveness of power grid companies. Based on the SWOT matrix, the core competitiveness of the power grid is analyzed under the opening electricity retail environment. The advantages, disadvantages, opportunities and challenges of the future development of power grid enterprises are clarified accordingly. On this basis,through the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method of the core competitiveness of power grid companies, the core competitiveness of power grid companies is evaluated. The key factors of the development of power grid enterprises are explored from the perspective of the core competitiveness evaluation so as to provide new ideas for the future development of power grid enterprises.