Aiming at the problem that the extensive regulation of the current central air-conditioning system cannot accurately release the potential of regulation, a technical scheme for refined regulation and control of central air-conditioning load is proposed based on bilevel optimization after elaborate analysis of the operating principle and accommodation mode of each subsystem of central air-conditioning.Firstly, a upper-level control model based on the objective function of comfort and economy optimization is established. Secondly, it is supposed to establish the optimization objective function of amenity and economy, and allocate the temperature and humidity setting points by the Shapley value method. Then, a lower regulation mode aiming at the lowest energy consumption of the optimal combination of subsystems is established, and ant colony algorithm is used to solve the optimization objective function. Then, by solving bilevel optimization, the refined regulation strategy including end fan, chilled water pump and chiller is formulated. Finally, numerical examples are used to verify the correctness and feasibility of the proposed technical scheme for refined regulation.