To quantitatively evaluate the comprehensive potential of a virtual power plant (VPP) in grid interaction, a multi-dimensional statistical indicator-based assessment method is proposed for VPPs under an electricity market-oriented environment. First, a hierarchical VPP control architecture consisting of the resource layer, user layer, and operation layer is established, within which key components—such as renewable energy generation, thermostatically controlled loads, and distributed energy storage systems—are modeled in a detailed manner. On this basis, a VPP optimal scheduling model is formulated with the objective of minimizing total operating cost, and a distributed solution framework based on the alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) is adopted to solve the problem. Furthermore, a multi-dimensional statistical evaluation framework for VPP is established from six dimensions, namely regulation capacity, ramp rate, response time, duration, operating cost, and response reliability. Simulation case studies demonstrate that the proposed evaluation system can effectively quantify the regulation capability, response performance, and operational economics of VPP under different dispatching requirements, thereby providing theoretical support and methodological guidance for the precise participation of VPP in grid interaction and the assessment of its aggregated value.